| Setting the Natural Gas Scene in Energy Industry Competency Description: As a professional in the natural gas industry, you need to gain fundamental technical skills to conduct business activities and decision making. Key behaviours • Appreciate the natural gas resources • Understand the natural gas value chain from its beginning to the end • Understand the importance of natural purification processes Topics to be covered • Natural Gas Fundamentals • Introduction • History • Natural gas origin and sources • Natural gas composition & classification • Natural gas resources • Natural Gas from Wellhead to the Market • Exploration and production • Processing and Production • Sales gas transmission • Underground storage • Distribution • Natural Gas Fundamentals • Characteristics of natural gas • Chemistry of oil and gas • Raw gas contaminants • Sales gas and product specifications • Vapor/liquid separation principals • Terminology • Gas Traditional Processes • Excess water removal • Acid gas removal • Dehydration • Mercury removal • Nitrogen removal • NGL separation • Gas sweetening and sulfur recovery • Acid gas reinjection • Natural gas liquids and dew point control Essential Logistics in Natural Gas Business Competency Description: As a professional, you need to fully understand what it takes to produce natural gas to make it safe and then transport it the end-user Key behaviours • Understand the removal of inert nitrogen gas to enhance heating value • Recognise the storage and its transportation requirements • Identify the essential pipeline operations Topics to be covered • Nitrogen Rejection Processes • Cryogenic process • Absorption process (using lean oil or solvent) Membrane separation • Adsorption process (activated carbon) Storage System • Storage tanks • Vapour recovery system LACT unit • Sampling • Natural Gas Transportation • Pipeline components • Compressor stations • Metering stations • Valves • Control stations • Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) • Why LNG a growth industry • Compression & Refrigeration • Transportation of LNG • Major LNG Exporting nations • Major Importing nations • Pipeline Operations • Basics of gas pipeline • Gas flow measurement Introduction to the LNG Industry Competency Description: As a professional, you need to why it is important to convert natural gas to convert into Liquefied Natural Gas to export across continents. Key behaviours • Appreciate the fundamental concepts of LNG business. • Be cognizant of LNG Sales, Marketing and Trade • Understand how to manage (measure and interpret) LNG business uncertainty. • Prepare and interpret confidence interval estimates of key performance measures. Topics to be covered • LNG Sales, Marketing and Trade • Price disparity in different regions • LNG Benchmarks • Major changes in LNG business • Business Sector • Industry and market Structure • Natural gas demand • Natural gas supply • Economics of the natural gas plants • Global Markets • Where and who are the users of LNG • Projects currently under development • Key Project Risk and Value Identification • Understanding the fundamental commercial drivers for project success • Identification of key project risks (from a commercial perspective) and mitigation strategies • Reserves definitions and reserves certification • Completion and cost overrun risks • Cost linkages to oil and gas prices Risk Management and Dispute Prevention Competency Description: As a professional, you need to demonstrate an ability to risk management decisions, dispute prevention and control. Key behaviours • Learn Risk Management techniques • Understand dispute prevention and dispute resolution • Administer Arbitration • Learn Financing about options Topics to be covered • Handling Risks • Risk management techniques • The Risk Matrix • Disputes • Causes of disputes • Dispute resolution • Arbitration and expert determination • LNG Project Financing Essentials • Financial structures in LNG • Investment decision making • The key value drivers in LNG financing • Overview of LNG Financing Options • Balance financing • ECA and multilateral agency funding • Capital markets • Asset based financing • Project financing and structured recourse financing License Agreements, Regulations, Future Trends Competency Description: As a professional, you need to understand fiscal & license agreements and regulations. Key behaviours • Understand the agreements and regulations • Grasp future trends in natural gas and LNG Topics to be covered • Upstream Fiscal & License Agreements • Fiscal and legal regimes worldwide • Production sharing arrangements • Regulations • The history of regulations • The market under regulation • The environmental impact • The Future Trends in Natural Gas Trends • Trends in LNG markets • Latest changes and movements in LNG trading • The impact of shale gas • Hubs vs. oil for price setting • Market shifts in importation and liquefaction • Mid and small scale LNG • Floating and niche LNG concepts • Wrap-up and Summary |